FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO

The University of Montenegro was founded on April 2nd, 1974, in Podgorica. Today, the University is comprised of 19 faculties and two scientific institutes, with more than 20,000 students. The headquarters and main campus of the University is in Podgorica, with other campuses located in eight other Montenegrin cities – Nikšić, Cetinje, Kotor, Herceg Novi (Igalo), Bar and Bijelo Polje.

The values of the University of Montenegro lie in academic excellence, autonomy, creativity and the freedom to create, as well as support for teachers, researchers and students in an effort to rise their profile among the national and international public in the areas of their profession.

The University of Montenegro is an integrated public university, organized according to the principles of the Bologna Declaration, with curricula harmonized with those at the most respectable European universities. This, as well as numerous agreements and programmes in which the University takes part, enables mobility without barriers in the European Higher Education Area for students, teachers and administrative staff. The University of Montenegro has signed 132 bilateral agreement on cooperation with universities from 35 countries worldwide.

Studies at the University of Montenegro are organized at the level of Undergraduate, Masters and Doctoral studies, model 3+2+3. The University is continuously engaged in the restructuring and modernising of all study programmes and their harmonisation with modern achievements and the labour market needs. Amongst other things, obligatory practical work has been introduced for most courses, and English as a course is obligatory.

For years the UoM has participated in the EU funded projects, either in the capacity of a partner or the coordinating institution. – over 50 projects funded under the Tempus programme, over 15 Erasmus Mundus Action 2 projects for student mobility, a number of projects under FP7 funding scheme or IPA supported projects, Erasmus + capacity building and International credit mobility projects and other. The projects tackled various issues related to higher education reform and harmonization of our higher education system with the EHEA – be it through curricula reform or introduction of new study programmes, but also through capacity building and structural reforms introducing new instruments, procedures and systems pertaining to lifelong learning. Learning outcomes, cooperation with the society at large and the business community, information literacy, development of research capacities, development of services for students with disabilities and other.

Faculty of Law in Podgorica was founded in 1972 as a scientific and educational institution which organizes and develops educational and scientific research in the area of legal and related social sciences. After thirty-three years of existence, the FoL has grown into a modern, contemporary, educational, scientific and research unit. The FoL organizes undergraduate and postgraduate studies, and employs 25 professors, five teaching assistants, and about 2.500 students.

At the Faculty of Law UoM there during the second and the third year of the project legal clinics will be organised. In this clinics students will work in consort with the educators with the live clients. This will provide a free legal aid to the vulnerable groups of clients, and allow students to gain practical experience.

The representatives of the non-academic partners will conduct practical work at the legal clinic and in the facilities of the Faculty of Law.

During the project lifetime it is envisaged that the representatives of the consortium partners will visit Faculty of law UoM and will have the opportunity to see the work at the legal clinic first hand, in order to provide additional help in realisation of the practical education of lawyers at the Faculty of Law and for the betterment of the services provided to the members of the vulnerable groups.

During the project course a number of the management and quality control meetings will be organised at the Faculty of Law UoM.

REGENTS UNIVERSITY LONDON

Regent’s University London is one of the UK’s most respected independent universities and one of the most internationally diverse, with students from more than 140 different countries. The university offers wide range of courses, including British and American degrees at undergraduate and postgraduate level, taught in a dynamic international environment. Regent’s University London is registered charity and non-profit organisation.

Regent’s University London s comprised of seven specialist schools. Each of up to 4000 students is a member of their own school as well as University as a whole.

Regent’s American College London offers a range of programmes based on the US liberal arts curriculum. Building on our 20-year history of delivering American education in the UK, we offer undergraduate degrees in arts, business, social science and humanities combining both practical and theoretical study.

Human rights and international law have always been at the heart of teaching and scholarly work at Regent’s. MA in International Human Rights was developed in collaboration with the renowned human barrister, Geoffrey Robertson, QC, of Doughty Street Chambers.

We teach on this MA and courses in International Relations, Politics and History at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. Students are introduced to a range of topics in the field including, a history of human rights law, international relations, humanitarian intervention, free speech, prohibition of torture and inhumane treatment and international criminal law, with all theory supplemented by cutting edge research and case studies.

Our staff is internationally recognised and engaged with many international organisations. Coming from various parts of the world they also offer expertise in specific regional studies.

Regent’s University London has an extensive partnership network and work with universities across the world. All partner institutions have been carefully selected on the basis of their academic excellence.

Regent’s University London is proud of the internationalisation of its undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. The University also offers a wide range of short courses and are a leading provider of training to academia and industry.

The international character of the Regent’s University London will provide good training grounds and observation points to the University of Montenegro. Interdisciplinary character of teaching at the Regent’s University London should provide special benefits for the University of Montenegro academics. Academics from the University of Montenegro will be visiting Regent’s University London while academics from Regent’s University London will provide training and assistance to their colleagues on many aspects of legal clinical education at the University of Montenegro. The teacher form Regents will provide both trainings for the educators that will be working at the live clinics in Montenegro, and to the professors of the FoL that will be in charge for the realisation of the envisaged activities of the Commercial legal clinic, especially in the area of the preparation of the students for the moot court competitiones. Regent's University will facilitate University of Montenegro in developing training, practical skills and aquire new knowledge of legal practices. In this process the United Kingdom based experts and practitioners with rich experience will be engaged with Regent's university and University of Montenegro in developing and delivering this programme.

FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB

The Faculty of Law in Zagreb (hereinafter: PFZG) is one of the central constituents of the University in Zagreb (1669). With its 246 members (156 being members in scientific-teaching, teaching and related associate professions) and about 6.300 students is the oldest (1776) and biggest continually operating law school in Croatia and all of Southeast Europe. It offers BA, MA and Ph. D degrees in law, social work, social policy, public administration and taxation. Since academic year 2010/2011, it offers clinical legal education (CLE) as part of the MA regular curriculum in the final year of the law study program. CLE was introduced to law students in course called “Law Clinic” by Professor Alan Uzelac, Ph. D., Head of the Department of Civil Procedure. The Law Clinic offers students unique opportunity to gain knowledge and practical skills by active involvement in solving difficult legal and social problems of their citizens by providing them pro bono and free legal aid. By providing legal advice, the Law Clinic aims to achieve a double goal – 1) develop on a general level a sense for social responsibility and pro bono work among the future lawyers, and 2) to provide useful help and information to those in need, also enabling and empowering them to protect their legal rights, partly also by raising legal literacy and providing tools for self-help to its clients.

Up until 2019, the Law Clinic educated more than 800 law students who provided its services in more than 12.000 cases. In about two-thirds of the cases, the service provided was an elaborate legal advice, produced in a written form. The remaining third of the cases consisted in general legal information provided orally to the clients. In line with the national legal aid framework, the Law Clinic is not authorized to represent its clients in courts or before other bodies (but, it repeatedly helped a number of clients to self-represent themselves).

Cases in the Law Clinic are handled both independently and collectively by students, while being given guidance and case approval by academic mentors – lawyers, teaching and research assistants, as well as professors of the Faculty of Law, which mitigates fears of potential incompetence. All students are organized into groups specializing in particular areas of law, which are recognized to be of the greatest importance for the clients of the Clinic. There are currently eight groups in the Law Clinic: Group for asylum seekers and aliens, Group for the elimination of discrimination and the rights of minorities, Group for the rights of children and family maintenance, Group for the protection of and assistance to crime victims, Group for the protection of workers’ rights, Group for the protection of patients’ rights, Group for the protection of citizens in enforcement proceedings and Group for public relations – the editorial board of the magazine Pro Bono.

The Law Clinic is also striving to engage in policy work, partly by assisting in some legislative projects, partly by engaging in various round-tables and discussions on topics relevant for legal aid system. Thereby, the Law Clinic has on several occasions opened a dialogue on legal and social problems and contributed to the national legal aid system by analysis of its failures and proposals for improvement of the normative framework (Legal Aid Act).

The activities of the Law Clinic are based in Zagreb, but they are extended to the other parts of Croatia as well. The Law Clinic does not have branch offices, but it has established in 2012 a mobile unit, which provides legal aid to socially vulnerable citizens in all geographical areas of Croatia (often in co-operation with the local CSOs).

Since the beginning of its work, the Law Clinic was seeking partners among the relevant civil society organizations. Until now, the Clinic has signed cooperation agreement with around 50 non-governmental organizations, as well as local governments in various parts of Croatia (see the full list of Co-Operation Agreements at http://klinika.pravo.unizg.hr/suradnja ).

The Law Clinic has valuable experience in the projects relating to enhancing CLE as it participated in the number of international projects:

a) As a part of the project financed by British Embassy, in November 2011 Zagreb Law Clinic visited National Pro Bono Centre in London and Law Clinic at Northumbria and Manchester University. The key purpose of the visit was to provide opportunities to draw on expertise from running law clinics and from developing pro bono work generally in the UK. With British partners Zagreb Law Clinic organized two round tables on Croatian legal aid reforms and role of Law Clinics in providing legal aid. Round tables were held in Zagreb in November 2011 and February 2012.

b) Realizing the achievements of the Zagreb Clinic, several clinical initiatives from Serbia visited Zagreb University already in the end of 2011. One of the results was organizing of the presentation of Zagreb Law Clinic in Belgrade in October 2012. The exchange with Belgrade University continued in the following month when, in late November 2012, several academics from Belgrade Faculty of Law visited Zagreb and spoke to the teachers and students of Zagreb University about their work and experience in clinical legal education.

c) Zagreb Legal Clinic maintained a very close working relationship with Iuss Buss. Three Iuss Buss delegates visited the international panel on clinical legal education and the engagement of students in legal aid work organized on June 2012 during the Public and Private Justice Course at the Inter-University Centre in Dubrovnik. In the continuation of the Clinical Day, the delegation of the Iuss Buss visited Zagreb and held several workshops with the clinical students of Zagreb Clinic and their mentors. The representatives of the Zagreb Clinic made a return visit to Iuss Buss in Oslo in October 2012. This was organized as a part of the exchange program financed by the Royal Norwegian Embassy.

d) Another exchange program was established with the Faculty of Law in Bihać (Bosnia and Herzegovina). In May 2012, the Deans of the Zagreb and Bihać law faculties signed a cooperation agreement for (further) development of their law clinics. Following this initiative, a delegation of nine students and mentors of Zagreb Clinic visited Bihać in May 2013, this time presenting the clinical work in legal aid cases to newly formed generation of future clinical students, as well as to the faculty members of the Bihać Law School.

e) During 2013, ECAS financed Zagreb Law Clinic in project “Triple A for citizens: Supporting Access to Information, Advice and Active Help”. To reach out to the rural areas of Croatia, the Law Clinic has managed to enter into collaboration with 15 municipalities and to organize visits to most of them in each of the clinical rounds. Students have visited towns and municipalities, interviewed clients and provided general legal information and legal advice. This has become a role model for clinical outreach projects that the Law Clinic still maintained as important part of its work. Almost ¼ of the cases received in the Law Clinic are received outside its headquarters in Zagreb.

f) Finally, the Law Clinic is a part of the project “Access2Justice4All: Clinical Legal Education – Supporting the Access to Justice in South East Europe” administered by SEELS.

In resolving the challenges in operating clinical projects in Montenegro and Kosovo, the experts from PFZG will analyse the status of clinical legal education at Universities in Montenegro and Kosovo. In analysis, the special attention will be given to the notion that common core clinical curriculum should combine two elements, educational and practical, as law clinics represent learning by doing. Therefore, the experts will stress the importance of focusing on establishing law clinics as part of legal education and the legal aid system. To reach those goals, PFZG will introduce academics from Montenegro and Kosovo with the importance of integration of law clinics into the legal aid system. To achieve this goal, the PFZG expert will train academics to make an influence on the policy-makers and their decisions. PFZG experts will also monitor and engage in the training seminars that should teach academics and students how to establish a cooperative relationship with local courts, professional organizations of lawyers and other legal professionals by sharing the interest in improving educational and legal aid system.

PFZG experts will also educate academics and students about the importance of the outreach programs in various fields (homeless people, soup kitchens, refugee camps, immigrant centers, prisons) and train them how to observe case intake and case handling.

Further, training will be focused on organisation of law clinics and their working system. As law clinics should have goals to improve education and legal aid system, they will have to overcome challenges related to quality and sustainability. Therefore, training seminars will be particularly focused on teaching academics and students how to achieve sustainability and quality of clinical programs. For quality purposes, seminars will offer knowledge about best practices in CLE that should help in designing better clinical legal curriculum. The seminars will also address topics related to the quality of CLE that are related to finding the best method of student supervision and the role of supervisors. To ensure continuity of CLE and providing legal aid, PFZG experts will offer special workshops about the development of an effective financial management model that should secure sustainable long- and midterm funding of clinical activities.

With an aim to help academics and students from Montenegro and Kosovo to collect experiences by observing the process of legal aid providing in practice, PFZG experts will offer them a study visits trips to PFZG Law Clinic.

POLISH LEGAL CLINICS FOUNDATION

The Polish Legal Clinics Foundation has been operating since 2002. It supports and coordinates a network of 25 legal clinics and promotes pro bono engagement of lawyers. Every year there are almost 2000 students, 350 academics involved in work in the clinics. All together they provide legal advice in almost 10 000 cases involving poor and socially excluded people.

One of the main goals of the program is to provide legal aid to poor members of the community. It is a very important social mission and also a way to enlighten students on the public service aspect of the legal profession. Introduction to the social problems increases awareness and sensibility for the poverty and human rights violation problems in the society.

Another important goal is the improvement of the law students’ education process through the contact with not only theory, but law in practice as well - relations with clients and their problems. It is a perfect combination of instructive education and obtaining practical abilities.

The program is thus addressed to the law students and the law teachers but on the other hand - to the weakest social groups such as: unemployed, homeless, retired, handicapped, crime victims, women with difficult situation, foreigners, refugees.

The program involves the individuals and the entire legal and academic society in working with the poorest people, often left on the margin of the social life. It also fulfills the basic needs concerning free access to justice.

Polish Legal Clinics Foundation is aimed to build the position, image and the formal framework for the clinics in Poland and abroad. Members of the Board visit all clinics in existence in Poland several times, holding repeated meetings with representatives of clinics and university authorities, we share experience and focus on fulfilment of the Standards which can be shared widely abroad. Foundation does organize annually two national conventions of legal clinics representatives, hosted several international conferences dedicated to the clinical education, hosts yearly several study visits and helps to organise study tours abroad, published 17 manuals and textbooks dedicated to legal clinics among them publishing first in Poland and in the region legal clinics manual.

Foundation also tightened the legal clinics with the nongovernmental organizations, so that the legal clinics become permanently inscribed in that sector, also as one of the major legal aid providers.

The Polish program of clinical teaching of law is at present one of the leading programs of the kind in our region, it should therefore share its experience and initiate the creation of new clinics in the region. We regularly invite guests from other countries of Central and Eastern Europe to participate in trainings, courses and study visits. Representatives of the Foundation take part in international clinic-related conferences and assist as trainers or consultants.

FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF PRISTINA "HASAN PRISTINA"

The University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishitna” – (UP) is an autonomous public institution for higher education, which develops academic education, scientific research, artistic work, professional counseling and other fields of academic activities. UP is highly motivated to encourage the development of the project idea. With the experiences of that University of Prishtina has, will support the implementation of the project to increase the number of the international cooperation between higher education institutions within Kosova and abroad. UP has had a long and very fruitful tradition of good co-operation with the universities from EU countries. UP has been a grant holder and a beneficiary of a number of TEMPUS projects and beneficiary of Erasmus Mundus (Sigma Agile, Join EU SEE, Basileus, Eraweb). The UP has a list of signed agreements with 300 Institutions (Universities, Associations and International, regional and local organizations) with aim to collaborate closely in the field of higher education. UP has benefited from the Join EU SEE, an Erasmus Mundus A2 project that was coordinated by the University of Graz and now also from the Erasmus + program for credit mobility and capacity buidling.

The University of Prishtina is the largest public university in the Republic of Kosovo and the University of Prishtina (UP) was the first HEI inKosovo, established in 1969. It aims to provide qualitative studies with international standards, innovation based on scientific research and attractive opportunities for international students.

Being a partner institution in the project, UP will benefit greatly from the internationalization of the University, since the respected programme will generate institutional cooperation in the consortium with other partners, it will exchange not only academic and professional knowledge and experiences but cultural, economic and political views as well. Given the fact that UP highly prioritizes the international cooperation, it will be focused towards the intensive participation in the assessment in higher education, development strategy for continuing education etc.

The UP will be an agile organization supported by effective leadership, financial and operational models, a strong infrastructure and importantly, global levels of accountability. Erasmus + capacity building he main goal for UP will be to expand the number of the international relations staff within the International Relations Office.

Being a partner institution in the project, UP will benefit greatly from the internationalization of the University, since the respected programme will generate institutional cooperation in the consortium with other partners, it will exchange not only academic and professional knowledge and experiences but cultural, economic and political views as well. Given the fact that UP highly prioritizes the international cooperation, it will be focused towards the intensive participation in the assessment in higher education, development strategy for continuing education etc.

At the Faculty of Law during the second and the third year of the project legal clinics will be organised. In this clinics students will work in consort with the educators with the live clients. This will provide a free legal aid to the vulnerable groups of clients, and allow students to gain practical experience.

The representatives of the non-academic partners will conduct practical work at the legal clinic and in the facilities of the Faculty of Law.

During the project lifetime it is envisaged that the representatives of the consortium partners will visit Faculty of law and will have the opportunity to see the work at the legal clinic first hand, in order to provide additional help in realisation of the practical education of lawyers at the Faculty of Law and for the betterment of the services provided to the members of the vulnerable groups.

FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY "KADIRI ZEKA"

University “Kadri Zeka” in Gjilan (UKZ) was established by the decision of the Government of Republic Kosova on 06.03.2013, decision number 118/03, which was adopted by the Assembly of Kosova on 05.30.2013, with the idea of promotion and development of higher university education, research, artistic creativity for staff qualification up to doctoral degree. The establishment UKZ enabled the inclusion of the greatest number of students in the region of Gjilan, Presevo Valley and other areas in higher university education.

By Founding Council held on 31.10.2013 it was proposed that the Public University of Gjilan be named: University "Kadri Zeka" in Gjilan. MEST of Kosova has approved the proposal and decided on 11.13.2013. The acronym of the University is UKZ.

UKZ continues the tradition of three Faculties that have so far functioned as branches of the Faculties of the University of Pristina in Gjilan.

As a part of the University, offered programs have existed up to now as branches of the Faculty of Education, Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Law of the University of Prishtina.

Existing programs have already passed the accreditation process. To these programs we added two new programs, one for each of the new faculty: one program in Computer Science Therefore, the University have the following structure of programs.

The role of our university in this project will be great because we will be able to offer our students the practical part of their studies at the law faculty. By establishing of the legal clinics, our students as the knowledge gained from the relevant subjects during the studies can be done in practice through the legal clinics that will be developed within the faculty of law

The lessons learned during the studies, students will be able to spread in the practical work and in the future they know how the civil, criminal and administrative proceedings are conducted.

Public University “Kadri Zeka” and all other Higher Education Institution’s role can be instrumental in assisting economic development in their communities and contributing to national competitiveness. Universities around the world have expanded their mission beyond that of basic research and teaching to become places where knowledge fuels patent development and business collaborations.

At the Faculty of Law during the second and the third year of the project legal clinics will be organised. In this clinics students will work in consort with the educators with the live clients. This will provide a free legal aid to the vulnerable groups of clients, and allow students to gain practical experience.

The representatives of the non-academic partners will conduct practical work at the legal clinic and in the facilities of the Faculty of Law.

During the project lifetime it is envisaged that the representatives of the consortium partners will visit Faculty of law and will have the opportunity to see the work at the legal clinic first hand, in order to provide additional help in realisation of the practical education of lawyers at the Faculty of Law and for the betterment of the services provided to the members of the vulnerable groups.

FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITY “HAXHI ZEKA”

The University “Haxhi Zeka” is a descendant of the Faculty of Business and Applied Sciences (FSHAB) in Peja that was established in 1960 by the decision taken by Government of Kosovo - as a High Economic – Commercial School. During the academic year 2001/2002 the High Economic School was reformed based on a model of Bologna Declaration and in the same year the Senate of Prishtina University adopted education plans based on those plans for the bachelor level. This high educational institution was renamed firstly as Business School and later as the Faculty of Applied Sciences. The Ministry for Education and Science is committed to undertake all needed activities in order to establish and functionalize the Public University “Haxhi Zeka” in Peja. On November 11, 2012 in its regular session the Parliament of the Republic of Kosovo has ratified the establishment of the Public University “Haxhi Zeka” in Peja. Currently, the University is organized in five faculties and 19 program accredited in bachelor and master level. The University is in the process of preparation for PhD programs as well. The total number of students is about 13104. The Law Faculty has already established the Institute for Rule of Law and Human Rights. The Office for Research has not been established yet and there is a need to develop an institutional Research Strategy. As other Kosovo Higher Education Strategies, our institution has not yet establish any Journal part of Conference proceedings. The Law Faculty offers studies in the following area: General Law at bachelor level and at master level: Penal Law, Administrative and Constitution Law, Local Governance and Democratic Society. This years, the Faculty of Law applied for the accreditation of program on International and European Law at master level.

It is important to mention that all the programs are offering as elective course clinical course and has already implemented a two years’ project on Penal Legal Clinic with the support of USAID. Advocates, prosecutors and judges has offered voluntarily lectures for three months and it ends with a simulation at the Appeal Court in Pristina. Faculty of Law has already constructed the Room Court and all the clinical parts are organized in this room. The University and Faculty of Law is interested to extend the implementation of the improved clinical course in other area like civil law, international law, human rights law, European law and administrative law.

“Haxhi Zeka” University and all other Higher Education Institution’s role can be instrumental in assisting economic development in their communities and contributing to national competitiveness. Universities around the world have expanded their mission beyond that of basic research and teaching to become places where knowledge fuels patent development and business collaborations.

At the Faculty of Law during the second and the third year of the project legal clinics will be organised. In this clinics students will work in consort with the educators with the live clients. This will provide a free legal aid to the vulnerable groups of clients, and allow students to gain practical experience.

The representatives of the non-academic partners will conduct practical work at the legal clinic and in the facilities of the Faculty of Law.

During the project lifetime it is envisaged that the representatives of the consortium partners will visit Faculty of law and will have the opportunity to see the work at the legal clinic first hand, in order to provide additional help in realisation of the practical education of lawyers at the Faculty of Law and for the betterment of the services provided to the members of the vulnerable groups.

The Public University “Haxhi Zeka” and all other Higher Education Institution’s role can be influential in assisting economic development in their communities and contributing to national competitiveness. Universities around the world have expanded their mission beyond that of basic research and teaching to become places where knowledge fuels patent development and business collaborations.

At the Faculty of Law during the second and the third year of the project legal clinics will be organised. In this clinics students will work in consort with the educators with the live clients. This will provide a free legal aid to the vulnerable groups of clients, and allow students to gain practical experience.

The representatives of the non-academic partners will conduct practical work at the legal clinic and in the facilities of the Faculty of Law.

During the project lifetime it is envisaged that the representatives of the consortium partners will visit Faculty of law and will have the opportunity to see the work at the legal clinic first hand, in order to provide additional help in realisation of the practical education of lawyers at the Faculty of Law and for the betterment of the services provided to the members of the vulnerable groups.

SUPREME COURT OF MONTENEGRO

The Supreme Court is the highest court in Montenegro and its seat is in Podgorica. Supreme Court ensures uniform application of laws by courts and perform other activities prescribed by law.

As a highest-ranking court in the Montenegrin Judiciary it presides over other national courts in Montenegro. The Supreme Court:
1) Adjudicate in the third instance when so provided by law;
2) Adjudicate on extraordinary legal remedies against decisions of the courts in Montenegro;
3) Adjudicate on legal remedies against decisions of its panel, when so prescribed by law;
4) Adjudicate on the transfer of territorial jurisdiction when it is obvious that it will be easier for the other court that has subject-matter jurisdiction to conduct the proceedings, or for other important reasons;
5) Determine which court shall have territorial jurisdiction when the jurisdiction of the courts in Montenegro is not excluded, and when, in accordance with the rules on territorial jurisdiction, it is not possible to reliably determine which court has territorial jurisdiction in a particular legal matter;
6) Resolve conflict of jurisdiction between different types of courts in the territory of Montenegro, except when the jurisdiction of another court has been prescribed to resolve the conflict of jurisdiction;
7) Perform other duties prescribed by law.
The Supreme Court shall decide on the matters relating to the transfer of territorial jurisdiction, determining the court having territorial jurisdiction and conflict of jurisdiction in a panel of three judges, without conducting a hearing.

The Supreme court of Montenegro will have a significant role in the project since the student will provide legal aid to the clients. The judges of the Supreme Court and lower courts, if necessary, will be involved in the educational manner, since they are the they are the most qualified to explain the writing of the rulings and procedures in the judiciary. In that regard the judges at the Supreme Court office and other lower courts in Montenegro will be involved into study visits as to gain knowledge on best ways to work with students at legal clinics, and practical work with the students at the clinic.

BAR ASSOCIATION OF MONTENEGRO

The Bar Association of Montenegro is an autonomous, independent and professional organization of attorneys at law with the head law offices at the territory of Montenegro. It is a well-rooted traditional association dating back to 1909. All Montenegrin attorneys at law are obliged to join the Bar Association and to register within its Directory of the Attorneys at Law. The current Directory enlists more 900 attorneys. The Bar Association of Montenegro represents the interests of Montenegrin attorneys at law before state bodies and organizations and before domestic and foreign professional associations and organizations, legal and natural persons. It establishes the codes of professional conduct and organizes the Bar Exam. Furthermore, upon a request of a competent body, it may deliver opinions on draft laws and other regulations. It may also engage in publication and organization of education and professional training of attorneys and attorneys’ trainees. Moreover, it is a body in charged for the international cooperation in the field of advocacy.

Advocacy is an independent and autonomous service, which provides legal assistance to individuals and legal entities. Legal assistance primarily presumes representation and defense of natural and legal persons before courts, other state bodies and legal entities. Moreover, it supposes representation of these persons in their legal affairs; providing of legal advices and opinions; drafting lawsuits, appeals and other submissions; drawing up contracts, wills, statements and other legal documents; and all other legal aid activities on behalf of principals that enable them to exercise some legal rights.

Having in minds that the goal of the ENEMLOS project is to establish live client clinics at the Faculty of law of the UoM, the Bar Association of Montenegro shall have the most significant role. At the beginning, its representatives will take part in the study visits as to gain knowledge on the best practices to work with students who are supposed to provide legal aid to real clients further on during the project. The most importantly, during the project implementation itself, the Bar Association members will constantly follow and supervise the students’ practical work with live clients within the clinic and their deliverables, since they are the most qualified to explain finer points of the clients’ representation and provide quality control of the students’ work together with its legality.

For more details about the Bar Association of Montenegro contribution to the ENEMLOS project and its related activities, please visit https://www.advokatskakomora.me/ENEMLOS-ADVOKATSKA-KOMORA-CG/ENEMLOS-HOME.html .

THE STATE PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE OF MONTENEGRO

Throughout its history the prosecutorial organization of Montenegro has had a lot of reforms. 

The Constitution of Montenegro established the principles whilst the Law on the State Prosecutor of Montenegro established the organization, functioning, work and jurisdiction, or the specific matter of the office of a prosecutor as a state body of the organization of power in Montenegro.

Within the framework of the judiciary system reforms in the process of democratization and accession to the European integration, and implementation of international standards to a greater extent, the Parliament of the Republic of Montenegro adopted the Law on the State Prosecutor on 17 December 2013. This is the law that governs the functioning of the State Prosecutors office.

Supreme state prosecutor’s office of Montenegro is the highest-ranking prosecutors office in the country which presides over all other lower prosecutors’ offices in Montenegro.

Sine the goal of the project is to establish live client clinics at the Faculty of law UoM the role of the Supreme state prosecutor’s office of Montenegro is the prominent one. Since the student will provide legal aid to the clients, the prosecutors will be involved in the educational manner, since they are the they are the most qualified to explain finer points of the criminal investigations and indictment process. In that regard the employees at the Supreme state prosecutor’s office and other prosecutor offices in Montenegro will be involved into study visits as to gain knowledge on best ways to work with students at legal clinics, and practical work with the students at the clinic

NOTARY CHAMBER OF MONTENEGRO

The Notary Chamber of Montenegro was established on April 29, 2011 in Podgorica. The seat of the Notary Chamber is in Podgorica. Notary Chamber of Montenegro has 53-member notaries. Notaries are members of an independent profession with public authority, which they should perform professionally, independently, autonomously, neutrally and whose documents have the character of public documents. The appointment of notaries and supervision of their work is carried out by the Ministry of Justice. Notaries are appointed through a public competition. The Notary Chamber of Montenegro represents notaries with competent authorities in order to realize the public powers entrusted to them, and establishes and develops cooperation with other notary chambers and international notary organizations, as well as with associations of lawyers, lawyers and other similar associations.

Sine the goal of the project is to establish live client clinics at the Faculty of law UoM the Notary Chamber of Montenegro has a significant role. Since the student will provide legal aid to the clients, the members of the Notary Chamber of Montenegro will be involved in the educational manner, since they are the most qualified to explain their work with the cliens. In that regard the members of the Notary Chamber of Montenegro will be involved into study visits as to gain knowledge on best ways to work with students at legal clinics, and practical work with the students at the clinic, since they will be engaged in the practical work with the students at the legal clinics. Since notaries are competent for conducting probate proceedings their work will be important in the area of inheritance law.

CHAMBER OF JUDICIAL OFFICERS OF MONTENEGRO

The Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro is a professional association in which all judicial officers and their deputies are joined. The Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro has the status of a legal entity. The seat of the Chamber is in Podgorica. The bodies of the Chamber are: Assembly, the Executive Committee and the President. The revenues of the Chamber are provided from funds generated by collection of membership fees, donations and other sources. The Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro represents judicial officers of Montenegro in front of state authorities.

Since the goal of the project is to establish live client clinics at the Faculty of law UoM the Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro has a significant role. Since the student will provide legal aid to the clients, the members of the Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro will be involved in the educational manner, since they are the most qualified to explain their work with the clients. In that regard the members of the Chamber of Judicial Officers of Montenegro will be involved into study visits as to gain knowledge on best ways to work with students at legal clinics, and practical work with the students at the clinic, since they will be engaged in the practical work with the students at the legal clinics. Since judicial officers are competent for conducting enforcement proceedings their work will be important in this area.

CENTER FOR MEDIATION

The Centre for Mediation is established as a separate organisation with the capacity of a legal person to conduct technical and administrative affairs related to mediation. The Centre for Mediation was established by the Government of Montenegro. Founding act of the Centre governs the following: bodies of the Centre, their competence and manner of their appointment, mandate, funds for establishment and work, manner of adopting the Statute and other acts, and other matters relevant for the work of the Centre. The seat of the Centre is in Podgorica. Centre for Mediation represent and protect interests of mediators and organise expert and scientific meetings in the field of mediation. The Centre for Mediation is funded from the Budget of Montenegro and also from revenues generated by issuance of certificates of completion of training on mediation and other revenues generated in accordance with the law

Since the goal of the project is to establish live client clinics at the Faculty of law UoM the Montenegrin Center for Mediation has a logical role. Since the student will provide legal aid to the clients, the Mediators will be involved in the educational manner, since they are the most qualified to explain their work with the clients, on mediation in civil disputes, including disputes arising from family, commercial, labour and other property relations between physical and legal persons. In that regard the representatives of the Center for Mediation will be involved into study visits as to gain knowledge on best ways to work with students at legal clinics, and practical work with the students at the clinic, since they will be engaged in the practical work with the students at the legal clinics in the area of the alternative dispute resolution.

BASIC COURT GJILAN

The history of justice institutions in Gjilan begins in the 1940s. In 1944 in Gjilan was the court that at that time was called the District Court. Among the first judges of this court were Shefki Nasala and Hamit Moleri.

This institution existed with this name until 1960. In that year, the Municipal Court of Gjilan and the District Court of Prishtina were established.

The District Court of Gjilan was established in 1970. The District and Municipal Courts of Gjilan / Gnjilane have functioned as such until 31 December 2012.

As of 1 January 2013, Kosovo has a court structure organized in three levels: seven basic courts (first instance courts); The Appellate Court of Pristina which has second instance jurisdiction for the entire territory of the Republic of Kosovo and the Supreme Court of Kosovo as the highest judicial authority in the country. This court structure is designed to improve the efficiency of court work and increase access for all to court services.

From 1 January 2013, pursuant to the Law on Courts, the Basic Court of Gjilan and its branches in Kamenica, Viti and Novobërda were established.

Gjilan's Basic Court is committed to have effective, open and fast communication with the people it serves. This website has been developed and updated regularly to help achieve this mission.

The role of the Basic Court is very important as a partner transmits practical experiences from different cases to students, professors and other stakeholders.

This implies that the legal clinic will not distinguish from treating cases with the court and other public and non-public legal institutions.

KOSOVO BAR ASSOCIATION

Kosovo Chamber of Advocates (KCA) is a self-governing, democratic Kosovo advocacy organization that acts as an independent state body. The Kosovo Parliament established the Kosovo Chamber of Advocates (hereafter "KCA") after the Law on Advocacy and Other Legal Assistance (promulgated in the Official Gazette of Kosovo No. 43/73, Amendments 46/77, .1979 GZ 48/79). The first lawyer was registered in 1974. However, the first beginnings of advocacy and legal aid in Kosovo are encountered shortly before the start of the Second World War. At that time with the lawyer's services, the late deed, Hivzi Sylejmani, was also taken. During War II, in the part of the territory of Kosovo, which was under the Albanian government installed by Italy, in which Pristina was part, covered by the court system, and established by the same government. During this time the lawyer was practiced by several attorneys from present Albania and another attorney from Tetovo, who worked in Ferizaj (then Tasjan) and had a practitioner for the professor Sokol Dobroshi. The first Albanian lawyer registered after the Second War was Zeqë Arni, a doom of Kosovo lawyer. He was enrolled in O. Yugoslavia, as Kosovo had no advocacy organization. Later Krasniqi, Mehmet Dushku, Bajram Kelmendi, Latif Krasniqi, all from Prishtina, Adem Bajri, Mikel Marku and Mustafë Radoniqi from Peja, have signed up for the practice of the licensed lawyer, etc. Following the deployment of UNMIK's international administration in June 1999, judicial institutions were re-established in Kosovo (pursuant to UNMIK Regulation 1999/24 On the Applicable Law in Kosovo). International organizations that have been working in Kosovo (OSCE, ABA / CEELI, EAR and Council of Europe) re-established the KCA after the war and its first assembly was held immediately in 1999. In order for a person to practice of the lawyer he / she should be a member of the KCA.

The role of our institution as in any legal system, lawyers' associations play a fundamental role in the functioning of the legal system by providing significant benefits to membership, profession and the community. Particularly these associations play in protecting and strengthening the administration of justice, extending the understanding and implementation of law and institutions and identifying efforts for the necessary legal changes. Compulsory law firms everywhere set and apply professional and ethical standards. Membership, legal profession and community are the main circle of the KCA, which represents the circle of action and its activities. Thus, the Chamber is provided with the community, other law enforcement branches and its membership. Meeting the needs and demands of the beneficiaries from the district, the Chamber develops the bulk of the activity, fulfills the mission, assures development and affirms itself